نشریه دین و ارتباطات
سال بیست و نهم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1401)

The aim of this study is to present a model of creative management with a social capital approach in Broadcasting based on the framework of the tradition of qualitative research using the Strauss - Corbin 's underlying theory approach. Based on the principle of theoretical saturation, semi - structured interview was conducted from 12 experts in the study area whom selected by using purposive sampling method. External auditors were used to assess the validity of the data. The analysis was performed inductively with open and axial coding. Results in the form of a paradigm model include: causal conditions ( active consumer - oriented audience , transformational organization, nature of information, audience attention management, environmental uncertainty ) axial phenomenon ( creative management with social capital approach ) , contextual conditions (ecological creative engineering, social capital Creativity , team building , technological capital, motivation and attitude ) , interventionist conditions ( commitment to heritage, creative talent, individual independence , human resource competence and managerial responsibilities ) Strategies ( discovering and attracting creativity , developing and strengthening creativity , and supporting and recreating creativity ) , And consequences ( social capital, creative citizen , creative class, and creative resources ) .

In the age of network society formation, the nature of communication has been changed dramatically. These changes, especially by the development of social media have affected the family negatively and positively. While the optimum use of social media opportunities is advised, their disaffections should not be neglected. Thus this paper is to identify strategies to face disaffections of consuming social media on the family. To achieve the goal of the paper, 2 steps were taken; First, of all ,25 members of selected families were interviewed. As a result, 116 solitary codes were identified which were categorized into 13 categories and 6 topics. These topics included “dividing”, “anguish”, “miscomparison”, “access to disproportionate information”, “waste of time” & “the probability of dating”. Second, to achieve expert consensus on the media strategies, some questions were extracted of interviewee`s comments, and through purposive sampling 14 experts in 4 categories were selected and interviewed in 2 phases of Delphi panels. The categories included “communication professors”, “media executives”, “family researchers and experts”, “social network activists”. As the result, 41 strategies were identified. The strategies were classified into 7 topics: “independence or replacing”, “securing”, “empowerment of audience”, “referring to the family”, “persuasion of the audience”, “Explanation”, “negation of consumerism”.

One-child phenomenon is a social issue which has become a model of life for many families. The main aim of this investigation is finding the answer to this fundamental question that how and to what extend the modern society characteristics (such as women's employment, gender socialization, individualism, rational choice, etc.) in the metropolis of Tehran is associated with women in Tehran for the orientation and acceptance of the pattern of voluntary one-child. The present study is descriptive-causal and methodologically a survey research. The statistical population in this investigation includes all the married women in productive age between 15-49 years in Tehran that 420 people were selected as samples. Sampling was done with the combination of disproportionate stratified sampling and cluster sampling and the tool used to collect information and data in this research is the researcher-made questionnaire. The results show that the orientation to one-child has the significant correlation with the individualism, rational choice, social participation; gender socialization and marriage age but there is no significant correlation with family economic status. The results also indicate that the orientation to one-child has the significant difference between different groups of employment status; in other words, in high-ranking jobs, this orientation is more. The data show that the level of education has an effect on women's orientation to have one-child; in other words, as the level of education increases, the orientation of women to have one-child increases.

With the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and the emphasis on the legalization of laws, retaliation was recognized for the first time in the bill of limits, retaliation and its regulations as one of the legal punishments in the sphere of criminal law in Iran. The emergence of retaliation in Iranian law led to the formation of many religious, political, social and cultural conflicts and created two conflicting discourses about its implementation or non-implementation. Given the importance of retaliation and the formation of its issues in various social spheres, Iranian cinematic literature in the form of criminal genres has also paid attention to this issue. Given the role of the media in shaping public opinion in the field of legal issues, this study seeks to use the method of Wodak historical discourse approach and with emphasis on the historical, religious and political sections of Iran, the films "Beautiful City", "Delkhon(heartbroken)", "Wednesday”, "Lanturi", "Jamshidia" and "Parvane's Swimming" analyzes in terms of representing retaliation. Based on the findings of this study, the authors of the studied films, by adopting an evidence-based approach and reasoning logic, seek to express the views of those who oppose and those in favor of retaliation. Nevertheless, the overall evaluation of the studied films shows that the authors, understanding the hegemony of religious discourse, instead of emphasizing the elimination of retaliation, focus on some alternative strategies such as spreading the culture of forgiveness, developing peace and reconciliation.

The purpose of study is to identify the extent and manner of co-culture (social values and norms and behavioral patterns) of graduates of Islamic schools and other schools (governmental and non-governmental) in Tehran and the impact of media and school factors on it. The method of this research is survey; A researcher-made online questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of the study included all students of Islamic schools and other schools in Tehran who have graduated from high school and vocational school in the last three years (80,000 people) with 385 graduates of Islamic schools and 384 of total 769 graduates from other schools in Tehran were tested. The validity of the research was calculated and confirmed by formal methods of experts and the validity of the structure was confirmed by the factor analysis method and by AMOS software; Cronbach's alpha of the variables was estimated to be more than 0.9, which indicates the high reliability of the research. The results of the research using t-test with SPSS software show that the graduates of Islamic schools are more cultural than the graduates of other schools in Tehran (similarity in values and social norms and behavioral patterns). Explanatory findings of the research in the form of structural equation model with the help of AMOS software indicated that the factors of "school" and "mass media" have an effect on the co-culture of Islamic school graduates. The results of the regression analysis showed that the mentioned independent variables explain 47% of the variance of the dependent variable (co-cultural).

The main purpose of the present study is to evaluate the ongoing phenomenon of the Arbaeen procession in order to help the planners of this research in order to improve the level of results. In this evaluative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 pilgrims of the holy city of Karbala, who were present at least once on the Arbaeen pilgrimage, using the "ordinary case" sampling method, based on the Kirk Patrick model. Data analysis was performed by Strauss and Corbin coding method in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. During this study, which was carried out by phenomenological method, 831 concepts were discovered, that were placed in 47 categories based on meaning, nature, relationship and conceptual appropriateness. The final results are also under the seven themes of "the reality of lack of welfare facilities", "mental suffering", "acceptance of adversity"; "Astonishing the Pilgrims", "Cultivating Attitude Insight", "Spiritual Moral Growth" and "Socially Desirable Effects" were included in the two Metathemes of "Sweet Suffering" and "Rising of the Soul", and the eighth theme was entitled "tourism to the Arbaeen journey" was also considered a sub-issue. The Sweet Suffering Meta theme included the first level of the Kirk Patrick evaluation model (reaction) and the Spirit Moral Growth Meta theme included the second to fourth levels (learning, behavior, and social outcomes) of the Patrick model evaluation. Based on the model used, the reaction to the trip is very good and the travel results are estimated to be good in terms of learning and relatively good in terms of behavior. There are also signs of positive social consequences for the Islamic world that need further investigation.

The problem is the difference between the current situation and the desired one. However, basically what happens when we are confronted with a phenomenon that we call "problem"? What happens when we look at something that creates a spark in our mind while it has not been the same for another person who is looking at the same thing? What creates problematic sparks in minds is "theory." Every cultural theory has a key criterion called the desired situation, and what directly or indirectly prevents the realization of this desirable situation would be called a "cultural problem." Therefore, it is desirable to determine what is problem and what is not problem. Examining the problem-solving model in any society reveals the way of looking at issues in a system based on a specific cultural theory. The study of the scientific literature of the (our) country shows the lack of theoretical studies and at the same time observes the practice and reality in the field of cultural issues that are focused on the cultural realities of Iranian society. This case study, by case study of one of the cultural organizations of the public sector of the country, and using the thematic analysis method, has proposed an example of the conceptual model of problematics. This three-dimensional model shows how the view of cultural issues is formed by this cultural organization. Also, a five-dimensional management conceptual model was drawn, which studies showed that all cultural issues in this organization follows these five aspects.

Today, computer games have overtaken the Hollywood film industry, which Boellstroff believes that it should be called the gaming age. On the other hand, the communities that have emerged in the development of computer game technology in different societies and cultures, as a community, even in Iran, have such an attractive study and knowledge that the media field resulting from the presence of this new media should be considered by communication researchers and social researchers. Therefore, this article tries to answer the question that what are the characteristics, communication functions and facilities of game nets in Iranian society from a media and communication field of study? The researcher, based on the Participant observation method observed 35 game nets in Tehran and along with 53 semi-structured interviews with the users of these game nets, analyzed the obtained data using the content analysis method (Wolcott model). As a result, 10 types of game nets related to location, architecture and facilities were identified in Tehran. The superficiality and shallowing of group communication determine the strengthening of communication at the neighborhood level, and also provide gamers and administrators of these communities with at least 12 types of possibilities. This article, for the first time, provides a historical overview of the evolution of game nets in Iranian society, along with suggestions for policy makers in this field.

In this article, by reading the news of Islamic occasions in the newspapers of the last hundred years in Tehran (with the focus on the Ettelaat Newspaper), the represented religious rituals are counted and divided into two categories: joyful and mournful. An attempt has been made by quantitative approach, the course of their developments in the last century, in terms of frequency and news value. On this basis, it has been stated that in the early decades (corresponding to the Pahlavi era), the religiosity presented in the newspaper had a heavier scale of happiness and was more centered on "festivals"; In terms of mourning, most of the rituals focus on the martyrdom and tragedy of the "Five Ahl al-Bayt" and have a low diversity. This gap between the joyful and mournful rituals in the middle years of the century (corresponding to the Revolution) is minimized by the growth of the representation of mourning rituals. In the second half of the century (corresponding to the era of the Islamic Republic) with the sharp increase in the frequency of appropriate news and the multiplicity of topics in general, mourning rituals have grown a lot, become more diverse and in the last decade completely dominated the religious atmosphere. In the last two decades of the century, however, good news is declining. This increase in the dimension of mourning manifests itself in the growth of the representation of the tragedy of "other innocents" (except five) and "innocent" persons. In short, it can be said that the religiosity represented in the newspapers of the century started with a happy and Eid-oriented mood, and at the end of the century, it became mournful and person-oriented.

The main problem of this research is the theoretical vacuum in research on the way of recruiting terrorist groups. The data was collected through the method of collecting library documents and using open source intelligence. First, 124 European members of ISIS were studied using the "case study" method and the "snowball" sampling method, and a separate profile was created for each. Then 7 popular Theories of Social sciences and Political sciences including “Castells' Resistance Identity, Peter Berger's Homeless Mind, Adorno's and Marcuse's Mind Control, Edgar Schein's, Kaplan's and Sadock's Brainwashing, Ted Robert Gere's Relative Deprivation, Marx's Alienation, and Jean Baudrillard's Hyper-Reality” were adjusted with the characteristics of "Media Persuasion Techniques", "Way of Recruitment" and "Reason of Recruitment" of European Youth who joined ISIS. All 7 theories (Here Assumptions) were confirmed & Approved with Some strengths and weaknesses. The three theories of "Resistance Identity", "Brainwashing" and "Hyper-reality" are considered as the main Structures of this research that have been proven with a high percentage and can be a beacon, Lighthouse or better to say a Lantern for further research and Studies. The two theories of "Homeless Mind" and "Mind Control" have been covered almost half of the case studies, Sometimes as a "weak signal" and sometimes as an "Early warning" to Muslim communities and second-class European citizens. Among the 14 techniques of persuasion, 5 techniques of "taming", "highlighting", "joining the congregation", "exaggeration" and "association" have been assigned the highest rank in the process of persuading and recruiting ISIS forces. The first winning combination was "Along with the congregation, temptation, emphasis, exaggeration". The combination of "association, temptation, exaggeration, highlighting" is in the second place and the combination of "being with the congregation, temptation, exaggeration, comparison, highlighting" is in the third place. According to the findings of this research, ISIS have not been successful in using "repetition", "fear", "symbols", "trines" and "humor" persuasive techniques.

Civilization is the highest level of development and the result of the hard and soft achievements and capitals of a human society that emerges based on the contribution of its constituent components at different levels in human societies. One of the most important tools in the foundation of civilization is language, which with its unparalleled communication capability, can have valuable civilizational functions. Paying attention to the civilizational functions of language and examining its effectiveness as the most important human communication tool can be effective in recognizing the gaps facing a civilization. For this purpose, the present study intends to deal with the issue of the relationship between language and civilization and the civilizational functions of the civilization-building language with a descriptive-analytical method. The findings of the present study indicate that language can be used in accreditation of civilization, determining the levels of civilization-building thought, production and reproduction of civilization, increasing its power and effectiveness in the internal and external spheres of a land, teaching the norms of civilization and transmission of new investments and achievements. Therefore, in order to strengthen the new Islamic civilization and this communication tool, it is necessary to strengthen the capabilities which actually exist in the language of civilization in question and to pave the way for creating the necessary but missing capabilities in such a language.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of media literacy teaching on students' metacognitive beliefs. The research method was quasi-experimental and pre & post test design with a control group. The population of this study was all seventh grade female students in Farahan city in the academic year of 1398-1399 (Solar Hijri). Sampling method was convenience and from the only girls' high school in Farahan, three classes were selected and the students of these classes were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The first experimental group was taught under media literacy based on verses of the Holy Quran; the second experimental one was taught under media literacy within the framework of the EC model and the control group was taught as usual. The Wales and katright- Hutton metacognitive beliefs Questionnaire with a reliability of 0.91 was used to collect data and ETA coefficient was used to analyze the data. The results showed that media literacy teaching based on Quran verses 54.3 and media literacy teaching within the EC model 32.8 improves students' metacognitive beliefs. So it could be said that teaching media literacy based on the framework of the verses of the Holy Quran can significantly enhance students' metacognitive beliefs.